Class handouts and reference material related to CHEM 126 can be found in
this section. The required text book for the course is Reger, Goode & Mercer,
"Chemistry Principles & Practice", 2nd Edition. The material below is compiled
according to Chapters in the text. Before a
scheduled lecture, check the class handouts (link at left) for that day and make
a copy of the handout and bring it to class. The
links below are supplemental material for the course. Some are tutorials, some
are interactive learning aids while others are supportive documents on the
material covered in CHEM 126.
1. CHEM 125 Syllabus: Homework
Schedule
2. Final
Grading Algorithm
Chapter 13: Kinetics
Review of Reaction Kinetics:
Interactive, excellent tutorial
Enter scripts, explorations, key concepts
or search
Chapter 14: Equilibrium
(see links at end of topic)
Make sure you thoroughly understand the following essential ideas. It
is especially important that you know the precise meanings of all the
highlighted terms in the context of this topic.
1. When arbitrary quantities of the different
components of a
chemical reaction system
are combined, the overall system composition will not likely correspond to the
equilibrium composition. As a result, a net change in composition ("a shift to
the right or left") will tend to take place until the
equilibrium state
is attained.
2. The equilibrium state is characterized by the value of the
equilibrium expression,
whose formulation is defined by the coefficients in the balanced reaction
equation; it may be expressed in terms of concentrations, or in the case of
gaseous components, as partial pressures.
3. The various terms in the equilibrium expression can have any arbitrary
value (including zero); the value of the equilibrium expression itself is called
the equilibrium quotient Q.
4. If the concentration or pressure terms in the equilibrium expression
correspond to the equilibrium state of the system, then
Q has the special value K,
which we call the
equilibrium constant.
5. The ratio of Q/K thus serves as an index of how far the system is from
its equilibrium composition, and its sign indicates the direction in which the
net reaction must proceed in order to reach its equilibrium state.
6. When this ratio is unity (Q = K), then the equilibrium state has been
reached, and no further net change will take place as long as the system remains
undisturbed.
See the links below:
