I.  a) Determine the pH of a strong acid (HCL or H₂SO₄) assuming that there is complete ionization of
        the acid in water. You will be given the molarity of the acid 10 POINTS

   b)  Determine the pH of a weak acid, such as acetic acid, that is only partially ionized in water. You
        will be given the molarity and the Ka of the acid. Use iCe table., determine H⁺ concentration and
        then pH 10 POINTS

II.  Find the boiling point of water at a high elevation where the atmospheric pressure is much less than one atm
     (760 torr) using the Claussius-Clapeyron Equation. 20 POINTS

       The normal boiling point of water at 1 atmosphere is 100° C.

Extra Credit: 5 POINTS: Knowing that most chemical reaction rates double for every 10 degree rise in temperature and are slowed down by half their rate for every 10 degree drop in temperature, determine how long it will take to cook Ronzoni No 9 pasta (8 minutes at normal boiling point, 100° C.) at these conditions.

III. Find the Ksp of a compound like (A₃B₄ or A₂B₂, etc) given the solubility in water and the molecular weight. Use the
     equilibrium equation for determining the Ksp. 20 POINTS

Iv. Ksp and common ion problem: Determine the solubility of a slightly soluble compound like silver phosphate or calcium
     phosphate in a solution of sodium phosphate (common ion) given the Ks of the compound and the molarity of the
     sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) solution. Use iCe table and equilibrium equation. 20 POINTS

V. Kinetics: Determine the amount of a aspirin in the blood system after time t hours given the initial amount (Y₀) at time
     zero (t₀) and the amount (Y₁) after time t_1, using the exponential rate of decay formula. 20 POINTS

Y = ab^t   Hint: Solve for a and b using the data supplied. Y₀ = ab⁰ and Y₁ = ab^t1

Since you have values for Y₀ and Y₁ as well as t₀ and t₁ (2 equations and 2 unknowns) solve for a
and b (divide one equation by the other). Then solve the problem for the time it takes to reduce the
amount of aspirin in the blood to the given amount specified in the problem.

Extra Credit: 10 Points Given the half-life for a first order reaction (-dC_A/dt = k C_A) determine the rate
constant and then solve the above problem using first order kinetics.

Hint: For a first order reaction: ln[C_A/C_A0] = -kt

Solve for half-life in terms of k, knowing that C_A = 0.5C_A0. Then find k from the t_1/2 given
in the problem> Finally, use equation above to solve for t for a given amount of aspirin in the
blood stream (C_A). Compare results

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                                                                        Page last updated on 10/17/2007